毕业论文

英语专业毕业论文范文（仅供参考）

prynne----resurrection

athesis

submittedtothedepartmentofenglish

of--------------------university

inpartialfulfillmentoftherequirements

forthedegreeof

bachelorofarts

by

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class:3grade:2002

supervisedby

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june2006

contents

chapterone:biographyofnathanielhawthorne…………………………………...p1

chaptertwdepravity---theoriginofthescarletletter…………………………..p2

chapterthree:hesterprynne’sresurrection---fromsufferingandredemptiontosalvation

……………………………………………………………………………...p5

conclusion………………………………………………………………………….p10

references…………………………………………………………………………..p11

hesterprynne---resurrection

abstract:thescarletlettermakestheamericanwriternathanielhawthorneknownallaround

theworld.hawthorneisapiouschristian,andisdeeplyinfluencedbythetheology.he’s

somuchindulgedinthereligiousdoctrinethatpeoplecanfindthereflectionofthegod

almosteverywhereinhisworks.afterreadingthescarletletter,oneismostlyimpressedby

thespiritofthebiblethestorydepicted.thebookchieflydiscussessinandhowtoatone

forit.hesterprynneistheheroineofthefiction.thispaperresearchesherfateto

illustratetheinfluenceofthebibletohawthorne.hesterprynnecommitsadulteryandis

forcedtowearascarletletter“a”onherbreast.atthebeginning,sheencountersall

kindsofsufferings,bothfromthesocietyandfromherownsoul.however,sherealizesher

sinandtriesherbesttoatoneforit.andshedosenotchoosetoavoidherfault.finally,

throughherendeavor,godforgivesher.inshort,sinandatoningforsin,thatisthe

purposeofthispaper.

keywords:thescarletletter.,hesterprynne,thebible,sinandatonement.

摘要：《红字》使美国作家纳撒尼尔霍桑誉满全球。霍桑是一个虔诚的基督徒，并深受神学的影响。他是

如此沉迷于宗教的教义之中，人们几乎可以发现神在他的每部作品中无处不在。读完《红字》，给人印象

最深的莫过于故事描绘的《圣经》的精神。该书主要讨论了关于罪与赎罪的问题。海丝特白兰是小说的女

主人公。本文主要研究她的一生以说明《圣经》对霍桑的影响。海丝特白兰犯了通奸罪，并被迫在胸口上

带一个大写的红色字母“a”。一开始，她遭遇了各种各样的磨难，既有来自社会的也有来自她自己精神

上的。然而，她认识到了自己的罪行并尽最大努力去赎罪，并且她并没有选择逃避责罚。最后，通过她的

努力，神原谅了她。简言之，本文的主要目的就是罪行以及赎罪。

关键字：《红字》，海丝特白兰，《圣经》,罪行以及赎罪。

chapterone:biographyofnathanielhawthorne

withthepublicationofthescarletletterin1850,nathanielhawthornebecameoneofthe

greatestwriteratthattimeandbuilthisreputationasamajoramericanauthor.sincethat

timeon,peoplebegantotakegreatinterestinallaspectsofhislifeandagreatmany

biographicalandcriticalstudieshadbeenwrittenabouthimandhisworks.heisalso

becomingmoreandmorepopularandfamiliarwithchinesereaders.sincethechinese

translationofthescarletappearedin1950s,scholarsandreadersinthiscountryhave

shownanever-increasinginterestinhisworks.

hawthornewasbornonthefourthofjuly,1804insalem,massachusetts.someofhis

ancestorswerebigshotsinseventeenth-centurynewengland,whichwasunderthecontrolof

puritanism.oneofthemwasacolonialmagistrate,notoriousforhisparticipationinthe

persecutionofquakers,andanotherwasajudgeatthesalemwitchcrafttrailin1692.

gradually,thefamilyfortunedeclined.hawthorne’sfatherwasaseacaptain,whodiedin

anaccidentandlefthismotherandhimbehindtostruggletoliveforthemselves.young

hawthornewasquiteawareofthemisdeedsofhispuritanancestors,andthisawarenessmade

himbelievethatevilwasatthecoreofhumanlife.tosomeextent,hawthornewrotesomeof

hisbooks,suchasthescarletletterandthehouseofthesevengamblestotrytomakeup

forthesinofhisancestors.

hawthorne’swritingskillscanbeconcludedasfollows:

firstly,allhislife,hawthorneseemstobeindulgedinhissenseofsinandevilinlife.

readinghisbooks,onecannotbutbeoverwhelmedbytheblackvisionwhichthesebooks

reveal.evilexistsinthehumanheartallthetime.forinstance,intheshortstory,“

earth’sholocaust,”wecanfindthat,thoughallsymbolsoftraditionandthepasthave

beenburnedinthebonfireofthelifeofthenewworld,thesourceofevil---thehuman

heart,remainsintact.everyonepossessessomeevilsecretastaleslike“younggoodman

brown”setouttoprove.everyonetriestocoverupitsinnermostevilinthewaythe

ministerdimmesdaleinthescarletlettertriestopretendhowpureandpiousheis.evil

seemstobeman’sbirthmark.thispointofviewisjustaswhatthebibledescribespeople

’soriginalsin.

secondly,tohawthorne,sinwillsurelygetpunished,onewayoranother.asamatterof

fact,hewassaidtobealwaystroubledbythethoughtthatthedeclineofhisfamily’s

fortunehadsomethingtodowiththesinsofhispuritanancestors.hawthornedeeply

believesthat“thewrong-doingofonegenerationlivesintothesuccessiveones”(thehouse

ofthesevengambles).itisalsointerestingtonotethathawthornebelievesthatevil

educates.whathawthorneseemstoproveisthatmancangetexperiencefromthecrimewhich

bringsaboutthedisaster.

inshort,totellthetruthandyetnottooffend,thatisallhawthornetriestoachievein

hisworks.

“

chaptertwdepravity---theoriginofthescarletletter

thestorybeginsinseventeenth-centuryboston,whichisunderpuritancommand.ayoung

woman,namedhesterprynne,issentaheadtoamericabyherhusband---anoldandugly

scholar.however,formanyyears,hedoesn’tarrive.obviously,itispossiblethathehas

beenlostinthesea.whilewaitingforherhusband,hesterandayounglocalminister

calledarthurdimmesdalefallinlovewitheachother.theycommitadulterysecretly.

becauseofhester’spregnancy,thesecretisfinallydiscovered.

accordingtothebible,everyoneissinful.thatistheopinionoftheoriginalsin:when

godcreatestheworld,hefirstcreatesamancalledadamandthenawomancalledeve.they

livehappilyinthegardenofeden.godtellsthemthattheycaneateverykindoffruitin

thegardenexceptthoseonthetreeofknowledgeofgoodandevil.instigatedbythe

serpent,thetwocannotcontroltheircuriosityandviolatesgod’sorderandeatthe

fruitsfromthatparticulartree.thatenragesgod.fromthattimeon,theybecomesinful

andareexpelledfromthegardenofeden.however,sindoesn’tstop.itispassedfrom

generationtogenerationbyreproductionofadamandeve.allsuccessivegenerationsare

theirdescendantsandthereforeinherittheirsin.soatthetimeoneisborn,he/shebears

evilandhastherootofcommittingcrime.

accordingtotheprincipleoftheoriginalsin,hesterprynneisnotanexception.sheis

alsotheoffspringofadamandeve.theinsideofherflowstheirbloodsandsheofcourse

inheritstheiroriginalsin.thussheisasinnerfromthebeginningofherlife.

arethereanyotherstandardstojudgewhetherapersonissinful?theanswerispositive.

thecriterionshouldnotbethecommoncustom.instead,itshouldbethegod’sstandard.

becauseaccordingtothecommoncustom,itisverydifficulttojudgesometimes.everybody

isamixtureofvirtueandevilandtheemphasisofeveryone’sselfishdesireisquite

different.somecravenlyfeardeath,someclingtowoman’scharms,someseekonlyprofits

andsomehankerafterreputation.somearefrankandhonestandothersslyandcunning.

thereforeitishardtodecidewhoisrightandwhoiswrong.furthermore,thecommoncustom

isrelativeandchanging.forexample,twentyyearsago,tocommitadulterywasenoughto

ruinaperson’sfame.however,intoday’ssociety,cohabitationbeforemarriageis

universal.besides,althoughsomepeopledisplayhighermoralstandardsthanothers,they

stillcan’tgetridofselfishnessandavoidcommittingcrime.ifweadoptsthecriterion

ofthecommoncustom,althoughweknowthatwearenotinnocent,wewillcomfortourselves

thatwemaybeworsethansomepeople,butstillbetterthanothers.

thuswecanonlyusegod’scriteriatodecidewhetherornotapersonissinful.god’s

criteriaarethetencommandmentsandthesevendeadlysins.

thetencommandments:

iamthelordyourgod,whobroughtyououtofegypt,outofslavery.youshallhaveno

othergodsbeforeme.

youshallnotmakeforyourselfanidolintheformofanythinginheavenaboveoronthe

earthbeneathorinthewatersbelow.

youshallnotbowdowntothemorworshipthem;fori,thelordyourgod,amajealousgod,

punishingthechildrenforthesinofthefatherstothethirdandfourthgenerationof

thosewhohateme,butshowinglovetoathousandgenerationsofthosewholovemeandkeep

mycommandments.

youshallnotmisusethenameofthelordyourgod,forthelordwillnotholdanyone

guiltlesswhomisuseshisname.

rememberthesabbathdaybykeepingitholy.

sixdaysyoushalllabouranddoallyourwork,buttheseventhdayisasabbathtothelord

yourgod.onityoushallnotdoanywork,neitheryou,noryoursonordaughter,noryour

manservantormaidservant,noryouranimals,northealienwithinyourgates.

forinsixdaysthelordmadetheheavensandtheearth,thesea,andallthatisinthem,

butherestedontheseventhday.thereforethelordblessedthesabbathdayandmadeit

holy.

honouryourfatherandyourmother,sothatyoumaylivelonginthelandthelordyourgod

isgivingyou.

youshallnotmurder.

youshallnotcommitadultery.

youshallnotsteal.

youshallnotgivefalsetestimonyagainstyourneighbour.

youshallnotcovetyourneighbour''''shouse.youshallnotcovetyourneighbour''''swife,or

hismanservantormaidservant,hisoxordonkey,oranythingthatbelongstoyourneighbour.

(exodus2,14)

thesevendeadlysins:a)pride;b)lechery;c)envy;d)wrath;e)sloth;f)glutton

obviously,accordingtothesecriteria,hesterprynneisquitesinful.sheissinfulbecause

shedisobeysgodbycommittingadultery.whenchillingworth---hesterprynne’shusband

senthertothenewworld,althoughtherewasnoloveatallbetweenthecouple,sheshouldn

’tforgetthatshehadalreadygotmarried.shehadahusband,whowasjustmissingatthat

time.however,shecouldnotcontrolherviciousdesireandhadaloveaffairwiththe

minister---dimmesdale.that’snotforgivableaccordingtocatholicism.that’sinsultto

god.that’sbetrayal!insuchasituation,hesterprynneforgotgod’sinstructionandwas

completelydegenerated.sheisablasphemetogod.

sofromtheverydayofhercrime,hesterprynnehastobearallthesufferingsthatfollow.

everysinmustbepunished.allourbehaviorsanddeedscan’tpassawayeasily.ourwrong-

doingsarehatefulinthattheynotonlydepraveourselves,butalsooffenseothersand

especiallygod.hester’sbehaviorisdisgracefulandsheislookeddownuponbyothers.

furthermore,heradulteryaffrontsgod.godisjustandfair.godwillnotforgiveyour

faultcaraccordingtotomwaltson,thenatureofsinisevil:

firstly,sinfoulspeople;sinisnotonlyaflaw,butalsoacontamination.sintosoulis

thesameasrusttogold.itisjustlikeablemishonabeautifulthing.thebiblecompares

sinwith“plague”(1king,8,38).sinfoulsgod’simageandstainthepureofsoul.it

makesgod“grewwearyof”thesinners(zechariah,8,11);andwhen“youwillrememberyour

conductandalltheactionsbywhichyouhavedefiledyourselves,andyouwillloathe

yourselvesforalltheevilyouhavedone”(ezekiel,20,43).apostlepaulsaidin2

corinthian,7,1that“everything…contaminatesbodyandspirit”.

secondly,sinmakesgodworry.“donotgrievetheholyspiritofgod”(ephesians,4,30).

sinisdeliberatelyanafflictiontogod.goddoesn’tlikesinbecausesinmakesgodbe

insulted.sotoworrygodisabigcrime.

thirdly,siniscontrarytogod.asinnertrendsongod’sprincipleandviolatesgod’s

decree.

fourthly,sinbringsevil.sinislikethetrojanhorse(thegreekssiegedtroyformany

yearswithoutresult.oneday,theygotanidea.theypretendedtoretreat,leavingahuge

woodenhorse,inwhichanumberofgreekheroeshadhiddenthemselves.thetrojans,whowere

toohappytoreflectonthesituation,broughtthehorseinsidethecityasawartrophy.in

thefollowingnight,thegreekscameoutandattackedtheunsuspectingandcelebrating

trojans,andfinallyconqueredtroy),whichhasacommonoutlookandterriblethingsinside.

lastly,sinnerswhodon’trepentwilldieout.unrepentantsinbringsabout“thesecond

death”(revelation20,14)

(《xitongshenxue》

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